Drafting head of textile machinery



1943- G. CLAPPERTON ET AL 2,335,108

DRAFTING HEAD OF TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed Jan. 7, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORS.

GEORGE CLAPPERTON RICHARD BARNES M 3m BY L ATTORNEYS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INYENTORS.

GEORGE CLAPPERTON man g nmss BY ATTORNEYS I 3 3 Fig.3. D D2 D3 LC m 6 L 6 wm aD EW R m 5 H w h a a D PDvdv A A L m u 4 c D .N 4 G n A Nov. 23, 1943.

N 1943- G. CLAPPERTON ETAL 2,335,108

DRAFTING HEAD QF TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed Jan. 7, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 li/l/ 1.171% 6 I mvsmons. I

GEGRGE CLAPPERTON RICHARD BARNES ATTORNEYS 23, 1943- G. CLAPIPER'QI'ON ET AL 2,335,103

' DRAFTING HEAD OF TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed Jan. 7, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVE NTORS.

GEORGE CLAPPER'I'ON RICHARD BARNES ATT ORNEYS Patented Nov. v

' 1113 frame which will DRAI'TING HEAD OF TEXTILE MACHINERY Geaege Olal'l n, 1 ton, and Richard sums d, Green Lan Bol- Barnes, Atherton, Engl and i lilleation rm." 7, ms, set-u No. 411,030

g In

Great Bl'ltlln January 29. 1942 r s Clahm. (c1. 1a 1s0) 1 This invention relates to improvements in the drafting heads of textile machines.

Although the main object of the invention is the provision'of a drafting head of a ring spinobviatethe necessity for using some or all.of slubb intermediate, roving and/r lack frames, the head can also be applied to any drafting machine if desired.

The drafting head according to the invention consists of a number of pairs of top and bottom rollers, the bottom roller of each pair being driven, the speed of each successive roller from back to front being p'mgresively increased though not necessarily in a constant ratio so that a substantially P ressive drafting of the slivers is obtained as they pass through the head.

Each bottom roller shaft, other than the front.

bottom roller shaft, is driven from an independent short shaft supported in suitable bearings near the bottom' of the gear box, each independent shaft being located with its axis to one or other side of a vertical plane through-the axis of the corresponding roller shaft.

The invention is illustrated in and will be described with referenceto the accompanying drawings. In these drawlnlst Fig.1isatransversesectionthroughadrawing head having six lines of rollers,

Hg.2isasimilarsectiondrawntoalarger scale of the front and second lines of rollers,

Fig. 3 is aplan of the gear box with a portion of the top broken away,

Fig.4isatransversesection on linel-lFig. 3, Fig. 5 is a transverse section on line 5-! Fig. 3, Fig. 61s atransversesection onlineHFig. 3, Fig. 'l is a pe pective view of a link carrying the gear wheels between a short driving shaft and the bottom roller shaft driven therefrom,

Fi 8 is a atic view illustrating the arrangement of the shafts and gears. In this view the distances between the rollers are not intended to bear any relationship to the actual distances between the rollers nor are the gear ratios necessarily those which would be actually employed. The bottom roller shafts are each indicated in this view by double lines and the short driving shafts are each indicated by a single line,

Fig. 9 is a front view of a grooved roller adap ed to be located between any pair of lines of rollers to consolidate the fibres of the slivers. In Figs. 1 and 2 this roller is shown between the front and second lines of rollers,

Fig. 10. is a front view of a pair of grooved in the drawings the being adjusted to suit rollers similar to the roller shown in Fig. 9 adapted to serve a pair of adjacent slivers,

Fig. 11 is a transverse section through a head showing an alternative format guide and supporting means therefor for consolidating the fibres,

Fig. 12 is a inFi'g.'11, Fig. 13 is a transverse (the rollers being omitted) showing means for supporting a still further form of guide for consolidating the fibres,

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the guide shown in ms 13; V I

Fig. 15 is a pe pective view of a guide similar to that shown in Fig. 14, but adapted to serve a pair of adjacent slivers.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated drafting head consists of six lines of bottom rollers A A, A A, A, A, with corresponding top rollers B B B, B, B, B. The front bottom roller A is journalled in a fixed bearing 0 carried in the frame or stand A and the rollers A A are journalled in bearings (l -C slidably mounted in the stand or frame to permit oi. the distance between thenip of any of the pair of top and bottom rollers A, B -A, B', and the nip of the front pair of rollers A B and'also between any adjacent pairs of rollers the staples of any particular class of cotton being treated. As it isnot usually necessary to adjust the relative positions of the rollers A, B and A, B the bearings C and C of the rollers A ried by a single slide but they could if desired be carried by separate slides.

The top rollers 8 -43 are supported in the usual way by bearings 12 -42 adjustabiy mounted on the cap bar B.

The shaft a of the front bottom roller A perspective view of the guide shown wheel at in Fig. 8 in synchronisation with the spindle drive and one end of this shaft projects over the top of a gear box E located at one end of the spinning frame or machine. The shafts (l -a of the other bottom rollers A A also project over the top of the gear box E as illustrated particularly in Fig. 3. I

Five short shafts E, E E, E and E are arranged in the lower part or the gear box E and each of the shafts E*E drive the corresponding shaft ii -a of the bottom rollers A A. As will be seen from the diagrammatic illustration of the gearing shown in Fig. 8, the shaft I? is section through a head 1 and A are shown cardriven from the shaft E through the train of gears e and the shaft Ealso drives the shaft E through the train of gears e. The fifth bottom roller shaft a is driven from the shaft E through the train of gears e' and the shaft E also drives the shaft E through the train of gears e. The sixth bottom roller shaft a (the back bottom roller shaft) is driven from the shaft E through the train of gears e The shafts E -E are carried in bearings mounted within the gear box E near the bottom thereof and the axis of each of the shafts E E is to one or other side of the axis of the corresponding bottom roller shafts 03-0 as shown in Fig. 4. Each train of wheels e e e e and e driving the bottom rollers shafts a, a a a and a from the shafts E E E, E and E respectively consists of a wheel I on the driving shaft E E E, E or E an intermediate wheel 1 and a wheel 3 on the bottom roller shaft a a a a or u Since the positions of the shafts lii E are fixed whilst those of the shafts a. -a are capable of adjustment the intermediate carrier wheel 2 of each train is carried mounted on an axle f forming the pivot of a double link F (seeFig. '7) one arm 3 of which is journalled on the driving shaft E (which is one of the shafts E E and the other arm I on the driven shaft 11 (which is one of the bottom roller shafts Ir -a9. Thus as the position of the shaft a'is moved relative to the position of the shaft E the angle between the two arms f and f of the link F will vary without either of the wheels I and 3 becoming disengaged from the intermediate wheel 3. Each shaft ai -a is carried by a bearing D -D supported by' the Side wall of the gear box E and secured in a slot (1 therein.

Each of the train of wheels e e, e and e by which the shafts E E, E and E are driven from the preceding shafts E E E and E consists of a wheel 4 on the driving shaft, a single intermediate or carrier wheel 5 (or a compound intermediateor carrier wheel 5 as between the shaft E and E and a wheel 6 on the driven shaft and to permit of the wheel 6 being changed for a wheel of a different size to vary the relative speeds of the driving or driven shafts when it is desired to vary the speeds of the corre--' sponding bottom roller shafts a a the axle of the intermediate wheel 5 or 5 is journalled in a bearing having an arcuate slot I struck from a centre situated on the axis of the driving shaft (see Figs. 5 and 6).

The train of gears 6 between the bottom front roller shaft a and the shaft E may be arranged outside the gear box E in which case the shaft E proiects'through the wall of the box. One or more of the wheels in the train e can be changed to vary the speed ratio between the shaft a and the shaft E and consequently between the roller -a fine ratchet wheel G issecured on the shaft E and is engaged by a pawl a pivoted on a stud in the gear box E.

The gear box E is preferably filled with oil to a level indicated by the line 1-11 Fig. 4, so that at least one of the wheels of the various trains of gears is wholly or partially immersed in the oil thereby ensuring lubrication of all the gear.

with some kinds of yarn there is a tendency for the fibres of the sliver to spread out and become loose whilst passing through the head and to overcome this tendency means may be provided to gather together the stray or loose fibres and so produce a more compact sliver, roving or yarn.

. For this purpose as shown in Figs. 1, 2, '9 and 10, a roller H having a circumferential V groove 71. in its peripheral surface, is arranged between any adjacent pair of lines of rollers in the head, the roller being suitably supported and driven by frictional contact with a top roller, preferably the rear top roller of the two lines.

The roller H is of relatively small diameter and I In use the sliver passes between the inclined sides of the groove 71. which collects all stray or scattering fibres and brings the drafted material into a consolidated sliver, roving or yarn.

Alternative construction of fibre consolidating guides are shown in Figs. 11 and 12 and in Figs. 13 to 15. In Figs. 11 and 12 a guide K having two vertical slots h adapted to serve adjacent slivers of each head is adjustably mounted on two rods it connected to the rear sliver guide J so that the guide K will reciprocate in unison therewith.

In Figs. 13 to 15 a single U shaped pin L or a double U shaped pin L adapted to serve two adjacent slivers is inserted in holes m in a transverse platform or bar M connected to and reciprocating in unison with the bar carrying the rear sliver guides J. With this latter arrangement for threading it is only necessary to remove the pin L or L and replace it over the roving or silver.

We claim:

I 1. A drafting head for a textile machine comprising the combination with a plurality of pairs of top and bottom rollers and the shafts on which they are secured of a gear box over which the shafts of the bottomrollers project, a number of short shafts arranged in said gear box, there being one short shaft for each bottom roller shaft other than the front bottom roller shaft, gearing driving the first short shaft from the front bottom roller shaft, gearing driving the second bottom roller shaft from the first short shaft, gearing driving the second short shaft from the first short shaft, gearing driving the third bottom roller shaft from the second short shaft, gearing driving the third short shaft from the second short shaft, gearing driving the fourth bottom roller shaft from the third short shaft, gearing driving the fourth short shaft from the third short shaft and so on, the ratio of the gears being such that the speed of the bottom driving the first short shaft from the front bottom roller shaft, gearing driving the second bottom roller shaft from the first short shaft, gearing driving the second short shaft from the first short shaft, gearing driving the third bottom roller shaft from the second short shaft, gearing -driving the third short shaft from the second short. shaft, gearing driving the fourth bottom roller shaft from the third short shaft, gearing driving the fourth short shaft from the third short shaft and so on, the ratio of the gears being such that the speed of the bottom rollers progressively decreases, though not necessarily in a constant ratio, from front to back, each train of gears between a short shaft and the bottom roller shaft driven therefrom comprising a wheel mounted on the short shaft,,a wheel mounted on the bottom roller shaft and an intermediate wheel and means supporting each intermediate wheel and maintaining said wheel in engagement with the other two wheels irrespective of the relative positions of the bottom roller shaft I and the short shaft.

30 of the two arms.

3. A drafting head for a textile machine comprising the combination with a plurality of pairs of top and bottom rollers and the shafts on which they are secured of a gear box over which the shafts of the bottom rollers project, a number of short shafts arranged in said gear box, therebeing one short shaft for each bottom roller shaft other than the front bottom roller shaft, gearing driving the first short shaft from the front bottom roller shaft, gearing driving the second bottom roller shaft from the first short shaft, gearing driving the second short shaft from the first short shaft, gearing driving the third bottom roller shaft from the second short shaft, gearing driving the third short shaft from the second short shaft, gearing driving the fourth bottom roller shaft from the third short shaft, gearing driving the fourth short shaft from the third short shaft and so on, the ratio of the gears being such that the speed of the bottom rollers progressively decreases though not necessarily in a constant ratio, from front to back, each train of gears between a short shaft and the bottom roller shaft driven therefrom com prising a wheel mounted on the short shaft, a

wheel mounted on the bottom roller shaft and an intermediate wheel and a two armed link having an arm pivoted on each shaft, the aforesaid intermediate wheel being journalled on the pivot GEORGE CLAPPERTON. RICHARD BARNES. 

